The African Diaspora (fl. 600-1900) is the spread of people beyond Africa, mainly by way of the Arab and Western slave trade. The 18 million or so who left Africa have grown to more than 180 million people of clear African ancestry.
Most came from the west coast (from Senegal to Angola), the east coast (Somalia to Mozambique) and the Sahel (the grasslands south of the Sahara).
Most wound up in the Americas, especially Brazil, the Caribbean and the US. A few million live in Europe, especially France and Britain. Fewer than a million live in Asia.
African Diaspora, circa 2010.
Strictly speaking, since the human race comes from Africa, nearly everyone who lives outside of Africa comes from one diaspora or another – there have been at least three. This post is about the most recent one.
People have always been leaving Africa, as merchants, seamen, soldiers and so on. But a trickle became a flood with the Arab and Western slave trade.
The Arab slave trade (600-1900) brought about 6 million people out of Africa. Some went to Europe, like the great-grandfather of Alexander Pushkin, but most went to Asia. Most were children, especially girls. Many became maids, concubines, soldiers and eunuchs. Some wound up ruling parts of India, like Malik Ambar in the 1600s. There were some field slaves, but not as many as you might think: Asia already had a huge labour force.
You can still see some of their descendants in Iran, Iraq and India. India has the most, some 50,000. By and large most Africans melted into the population or did not have children (like those eunuchs).
The Western slave trade (1501-1867), also known as the Transatlantic slave trade or the Triangular Trade, was twice as big and took place in only a few hundred years. Most became field slaves for sugar growers in Brazil and the Caribbean. Only 4% wound up in tobacco and cotton fields of North America. Some were taken to India, islands in the Indian Ocean or even Indonesia. House slaves were not as common as you might think: they were a money loser.
By and large most have not melted into the population nor assimilated as well as in Asia. Not just because they make up a much greater share of the population (currently 18% of the Americas), but also because the racism against them has been far stronger.
Westernization: They were Westernized as slaves to make them easier to control. Today most are Christians and speak a Western tongue. But plenty of Africanisms remain, especially in music, religion and even language, especially in Brazil and the Caribbean.
In the 1600s, 1700s and early 1800s there were repeated slave uprisings, the Haitian Revolution being the most successful. Black slaves tried to burn down New York City twice, in 1712 and 1741.
In the 1800s came emancipation: slaves were freed throughout the Americas, starting with the Haitian Revolution in the 1790s.
The 1900s saw Blacks moving to the cities, the fight for equal rights, and the rise of a Black middle class.
In the 2000s Western racism is still alive and well.
– Abagond, 2017.
See also:
- human migrations, the last 100,000 years
- The map of Black people – more about that second map
- people of the Diaspora
- racism before 1400
- slaveries compared
- Transatlantic slave trade
- coolies
- Africanisms
Abagond 
A couple typos…
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Once again, a great post Abagond. Thanks for the history lesson.
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But, the African Diaspora began in ancient times. Black Africans were well known in the classical world. They were depicted in art and were a regular feature in the gory world of the Roman arena. Presumably, Black Africans were ubiquitous in the ancient Mediterranean proletariat and underclass. Presumably, a few reached higher positions in society. Egypt is in Africa, but the Nile was the original superhighway between highway between Sub-Saharan African and the world ecumene. Presumably, The Nile Valley was the first stop in the Black African Disapora.
Just to be clear, every human being in the Americas is the descendant of survivors of a middle passage; land, sea, or, more recently, air. Or is a survivor themselves. The passage is not so dangerous today as it was when the route was over land from Siberia to Alaska or across the seas on a raft or in a wooden ship. The passage was involuntary for more people than just the captive Black Africans. Once read a piece where someone made note of how brutal North American life had been for the common man in earlier eras. Still is for many.
All of the above a topic for further research.
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Nice summation.
The integration of blacks and white in some parts of the United States and the other Americas is progressing faster than most people realize.
It is highly likely that the southeast part of United States will remain separate because of the desire of black just as much as whites.
Other parts of the United States are being impacted by the mixing of the young people and the birth of mixed blood children.
Keep your eye on the prize.
NOTE: There is no one state in the southeast that has a sufficient black population that it will impact the control of the state. The more active the blacks become the more of the sleeping giant of whites, with a minimum of education also religious bigotry, become involved.
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Reblogged this on IBHE Collaborative University.
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@ Allen Shaw
“There is no one state in the southeast that has a sufficient black population that it will impact the control of the state.”
Political power is not dependent on population size. Organization and unity of purpose are most important. One prime example is the American Jewish population. They are only 3 percent of the population, yet they determine their own priorities and future.
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@Afrofem Yes I understand. That is why there is so much power being displayed by the blacks in congress right now.
Keep up the good work!
Keep dreaming and ignoring those who read about power politics. President Obama was made president by the whites and the next powerful black will have white support. This is a white dominated nation and the leaders use all individuals who will support their cause. The money is in the hands of those who are leading.
Just like many blacks have decided that President Obama was not a pro black, the same blacks will say the same thing about the next powerful black.
No black can ignore the power of the 80% white portion of the nation. Especially when the majority of the blacks are concentrated in 5 states and the major metropolitan areas. And a significant number with no political understanding.
For you to speak of the Jewish control, a group of individuals who had almost a half as many people as there were blacks, slaughtered, is almost laughable, if it was not so tragic!
6 million Jews were killed there were 12.9 million blacks in the US in 1940.
The financial status of the 3% Jews you speak of is quite
a bit different than the blacks.
https://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10008193
The “barrel” awaits all who wish to achieve.
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“By and large most [descendants of enslaved Africans] have not melted into the [European] population nor assimilated as well as in Asia. Not just because they make up a much greater share of the population (currently 18% of the Americas), but also because the racism against them has been far stronger.”
The high degree of assimilation of enslaved Africans and their descendants in West and South Asia may have been due to the way slavery was structured in those regions. Slavery in Arab, Persian and Asian societies seemed to be based on vassalship (subordination of another person). In Western societies slavery was based on chattelship (a person reduced to personal property).
Alik Shahadah writing about the Arab Slave Trade discusses some of the major differences between the status of enslaved Africans in Arab/Persian countries and Western countries:
http://www.arabslavetrade.com/
In the West, a slave was considered a thing, stripped of humanity, history and agency. Coupled with laws and customs that determined the status of the child based on the status of the mother, Western forms of slavery led to intergenerational slavery with few opportunities for upward mobility or freedom.
The natural tendency of people to rebel against slavery led to a series of fearful racist responses on the part of the White slaveholding population:
⚑ fear of slaves gathered in groups
⚑ fear of slaves obtaining education
⚑ fear of armed slaves
Since “slave” was synonymous with Black or African, those fears became woven into White views of Black people. 150 years later finds those fears still driving public policy in the form of “Broken Windows” policing, fear of Black people in groups, chronic underfunding of Black education and punishment of Black people with guns (in a country that celebrates gun culture).
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@ v8driver
Thanks!
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🙂
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Had no idea of the demographics in Brazil! I hadn’t noticed a plethora of black players at the World Cup (that’s pretty much the only mainstream exposure we have of Brazil, along with New Orleans type footage of Carnival.) The players look mostly Mestizo with some very white and some black players, but not in the proportions you’d expect then.
How about a post on slavery and post-slavery race relations in Brazil? I had no idea it has been so prevalent there. Very curious how that all works down there. Do they have police brutality and profiling and do they care, is there the concept of white privilege among non-blacks and what are the political and educational and achievement prospects for people of color.
I always had gotten the sense that the African slave trade was mostly if not all North America but “only” 4% is surprising. I was kind of sad Brazil lost at their World Cup in 2014, but now I’m glad heh. 7-1 to Germany in the semi-finals hah good. Although if judging the nation teams on historical karma I’d say it’s about even. Slavery and holocaust/Nazism, hard to say which one was worse, you can’t, just unspeakably awful.
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Brilliant article abagond.
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@Abagond: I like these type of article they are very insightful.
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@Afrofem: Very incisive post I enjoyed reading them. Keep bringing the knowledge.
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“In the 1600s, 1700s and early 1800s there were repeated slave uprising, the Haitian Revolution being the most successful. Black slaves tried to burn down New York City twice, in 1712 and 1741.
In the 1800s came emancipation: slaves were freed throughout the Americas.
The 1900s saw Blacks moving to the cities, the fight for equal rights, and the rise of a Black middle class.
In the 2000s Western racism is still alive and well.”
So, the US Black middle class is the crowning achievement of this historical process? Emancipation came on February 4th, 1794 and revoked after the Treaty of Amiens was signed in 1802. The ’emancipations’ that occurred in the 1800s were based on the return to stability of white supremacy. The kind of ’emancipation’ that Lordy and right thinking Whites like him can endorse, while the 1794 one was revolutionary, and a threat to white supremacy.
“Keep dreaming and ignoring those who read about power politics. President Obama was made president by the whites and the next powerful black will have white support. This is a white dominated nation and the leaders use all individuals who will support their cause. The money is in the hands of those who are leading.
Just like many blacks have decided that President Obama was not a pro black, the same blacks will say the same thing about the next powerful black.”
Right you are. Contrast your Obama to Toussaint L’Ouverture’s reply to Citizen Vaublanc: “Letter to the Directory, 28 October 1797
Far be it from me to want to excuse the crimes of the revolution in St. Domingue by comparing them to even greater crimes, but citizen Vaublanc, while threatening us in the Corps Legislatif, didn’t bother to justify the crimes that have afflicted us and which could only be attributed to a small number… However, this former proprietor of slaves couldn’t ignore what slavery was like; perhaps he had witnessed the cruelties exercised upon the miserable blacks, victims of their capricious masters, some of whom were kind but the greatest number of whom were true tyrants. And what would Vaublanc say… if having only the same natural rights as us, he was in his turn reduced to slavery? Would he endure without complaint the insults, the miseries, the tortures, the whippings? And if he had the good fortune to recover his liberty, would he listen without shuddering to the howls of those who wished to tear it from him?… Certainly not; in the same way he so indecently accuses the black people of the excesses of a few of their member, we would unjustly accuse the entirety of France of the excesses of a small number of partisans of the old system. Less enlightened than citizen Vaublanc, we know, nevertheless, that whatever their color, only one distinction must exist between men, that of good and evil. When blacks, men of color, and whites are under the same laws, they must be equally protected and they must be equally repressed when they deviate from them. Such is my opinion; such are my desires. ”
I saw no inkling from Obama that he would dare to defend Blacks as L’Ouverture did in this letter. Wasn’t it Obama, the clown, who invited a white cop to the White House for a beer after that cop violated the civil rights of a black Harvard professor? No wonder Toussaint L’Ouverture was tortured to death in a cold dungeon!
“Upward mobility within Islamic/Arab slavery, as within African systems, was not rare. Even Tariq ibn Ziyad (who conquered Spain and Gibraltar was named after) was a slave of the emir of Ifriqiya, Musa bin Nusayr, who gave him his freedom and appointed him a general in his army. This has never occurred, even once, in three centuries of the Atlantic system.”
The last sentence is not true. Juan Garrido, the black conquistador, attained high honors as part of the army that conquered Mexico. Georges Biassou, Toussaint L’Ouverture’s former boss died Jorge Biassou in St-Augustine Florida as Florida’s only black caudillo (a military political leader) and a servant of the king of Spain. The real difference between the Transatlantic and Arab slave systems was “…Asia already had a huge labour force.”
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Hey Abagond!
I am looking for an old post of yours, where you state that African crops helped the British empire, and helped it become rich. Do you still have it on here
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When responding to Afrofem, Allen said: “Yes I understand. That is why there is so much power being displayed by the blacks in congress right now.” – Allen Shaw
Not so fast Allen! Before we get to your mere opinion(s), let us first come to somewhat of an agreement about what you’re speaking of. Therefore, what is power??
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@ gro jo
Good catch.
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@ blakksage
“…what is power??”
I agree that defining what power is would be a good first step for the Honorable Allen Shaw.
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@ Mary Burrell
Thanks, Mary.
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@ gro jo
It seems you are reading that in. This post is about the African Diaspora, which extends well beyond the US. Brazil also saw a rising Black middle class. And far from positioning it as the crowning achievement I made it clear that racism is far from over.
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Isabel Wilkerson’s The Warmth of Other Suns is a beautiful book telling stories of black Americans in the Great Migration.
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“…It seems you are reading that in…” Really? I don’t recall reading about Brazilian Blacks “…moving to the cities, the fight for equal rights, and the rise of a Black middle class.” This narrative sounds suspiciously like the trajectory of Black Americans.
These paragraphs from the Wikipedia article on Afro-Brazilians speaks more of ghettoization and marginalization than rise to middle class status: “By the time of slavery’s end, Afro-Brazilians faced a number of cultural challenges, both state-sponsored and societal. Among them, a long-established discriminatory immigration policy made sure that previously large minorities of the African ex-slaves and large majorities of them and their direct descendants, mainly in Southern and Southeastern Brazil, were already being replaced by white European immigrants, from many origins; this was furthered by a national doctrine of racial “whitening” (or Portuguese: branqueamento), whereby miscegenation was encouraged by the state to breed out the darkest-skinned Afro-Brazilians. Besides the immigration and natal policies, the state, under President Fonseca in 1890, also revived a slavery-era ban on capoeira which lasted until the 1930s under dictator Getúlio Vargas. There was also a ban on Afro-Brazilian religions, and the first criminalization of cannabis use in Brazil was due to its association with the culture of the African slaves. Overpopulation caused uncontrolled rural exodus and urbanization and lack of infrastructure to assist the masses combined of the perpetuation of historical racial discrimination resulted in the contemporary enormous social problems caused by income disparities seen even nowadays in Brazil, which led to other negative stereotypes about the Afro-Brazilians perpetuating their condition as social outcasts.
The end of the Brazilian dictatorship in 1985 brought much more civil liberties and eventually the criminalization of racist propaganda, humiliation, harassment and discrimination; but there are still many important issues such as income gap, wage disparity, social perpetuation of racial stereotypes, crime and police brutality, sexism and religious intolerance (which can be even led by Afro-Brazilian Protestants themselves against followers of Afro-Brazilian religions).”
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afro-Brazilian_history#Post-slavery
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When i take a moment and sort of let what i’ve read here, and read and heard elsewhere, percolate or flow through my thoughts… It’s increasingly more difficult to ignore things like the hood, mass incareceration, no jobs, etc. as some type of legacy … Idk got to go right now.
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“In the 1600s, 1700s and early 1800s there were repeated slave uprising”. Shouldn’t it be uprisings?
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@ Abagond
Studying that featured graphic of the flow of kidnapped people from Africa to other continents really made me think of the massive upheaval suffered by
Africans, their families and societies. For every person shipped to distant shores there were scores of family and tribal members who grieved for them.
Those huge rivers of people also represent the loss of African human capital and creativity/invention/innovation. I sometimes wonder how Africa would have developed itself if Arabs, Asians and Europeans had merely traded with Africans instead of looting the continent (an ongoing project).
Africans had already developed agriculture, metalworking, textile manufacture, trade networks and centers of higher learning (especially in Mali). I wonder what ingenious things Africans could have invented and shared with the world if not for the greed and rapaciousness of other people?
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“Africans had already developed agriculture, metalworking, textile manufacture, trade networks and centers of higher learning (especially in Mali). I wonder what ingenious things Africans could have invented and shared with the world if not for the greed and rapaciousness of other people?”
Africans ‘shared’ with the world stuff they invented. Onesimus taught Cotton Mather variolation, rice farming in south Carolina was based on African practices. I’m sure there are others I can’t think of.
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@ gro jo
Yes, “uprisings”. Thanks!
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@ Afrofem
Right, all of that human capital went to benefit White people, not Africa and not even the kidnapped people themselves. It was theft on a huge scale.
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@ gro jo
To the paragraph on the 1800s and emancipation I added: “, starting with the Haitian Revolution in the 1790s.”
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The 18th Century founders Nicholas and Joseph Brown of Newport, Rhode Island. Brown University got their wealth by manufacturing and selling slave ships as well as investing in the slave trade. The Brown patriarch, Captain James Brown was the first Providence merchant to enter this hazardous traffic in 1736. Upon his death, His brother Obadiah and four sons-John, Josey, Nickey and Mosey were left to carry on the family slave traffic.. The ship Sally owned by the Browns and captured by Esek Hopkins, sailed to the coast of Africa in 1764-1765, And after nine difficult months secured 196 slaves. The African captives revolted and a total of 109 were killed,or died from suicides or illnesses. -Ronald Bailey: Agricultural History. This account was taken from one of my reference books from my personal library, The Black Holocaust For Beginners by S.E. Anderson.
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The Browns also received support from another merchant prince profiting heavily from the slave trade. Aaron Lopez–a Jew of Portuguese descent who, like the Brown family, owned slave ships and had other businesses directly related to the maintenance and development of the slavery business. He was not the only formerly persecuted Jewish man deeply involved in the “Business.”English born Issac DaCosts settled in Charleston, South Carolina, and by 1736 became not only the Lopez family hazzan (minister) but also their commission-merchant in the business. The 18th &19th century New England Jewish petit bourgeois played a key role in the rum distillation industry particularly in Rhode Island. There were many Jewish businesses involved directly or indirectly with the Slave Trade–far more than were involved in the anti-slavery movement of the 18th and 19th century. Taken From The Black Holocaust by S.E.Anderson
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Typo: Isaac Da Costa^^^^
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Aaron Lopez’s biographer best sums up why persecuted Jews of the 18th century would engage in putting another people in such a savage bondage. “How was it that such men could with such ease accommodate themselves to the revolting cruelties of the slave traffic? How is it that in all the letters which have been preserved and which relate to their interest in the slave trade and they (the Lopez family) were for years active in this business. There is not one word of reproach, of doubt, of discomfort regarding the rectitude of chattel slavery? The answer is of course, a sad commentary on human history.
These men, in common with the great majority of their (white) contemporaries, simply never recognized Negro slavery for the scandal that it was. After all, even the Hazzan Touro gladly availed himself of a chance to supplement his meager income by sharing in the traffic…To Aaron Lopez and his father-in law, as to most (white) men in their day, Negroes were something less than human; leg irons and handcuffs were their natural habitat.” -Stanley F. Chyet: Lopez of Newport.1970: Source: The Black Holocaust by S.E.Anderson
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” on Sun 2 Jul 2017 at 19:09:24
abagond
@ gro jo
To the paragraph on the 1800s and emancipation I added: “, starting with the Haitian Revolution in the 1790s.””
That’s nice, but inaccurate, Haiti and Haitians would come to be only after the French revolution turned its back on L’Ouverture and opted for Citizen Vaublanc’s stance. the February 4th, 1794 emancipation applied to all French colonies not just St-Domingue, it remained dead letter in all of France’s possessions, except for St-Domingue and Guadeloupe, where it was drowned in the blood of the free people of that island. It would be more accurate to state that emancipation was enacted on February 4th, 1794, in recognition of the de facto emancipation of the people of St-Domingue and applied to Guadeloupe afterward, during the radical, Jacobin, phase of the French revolution. Before there was a Haitian revolution, there was the struggle of Blacks to assert their rights as citizens of France. They were represented in the French Legislature with the same rights as any other French citizen.
“The National Convention declares the abolition of Negro slavery in all the colonies; in consequence it decrees that all men, without distinction of color, residing in the colonies are French citizens and will enjoy all the rights assured by the constitution.
It asks the Committee of Public Safety to make a report as soon as possible on the measures that should be taken to assure the execution of the present decree.”
St-Domingue was represented by Jean-Baptiste Belley, a/k/a Mars, a black man, Jean-Baptiste Mills, a mulatto, and Louis-Pierre Dufaÿ, a white man. This attempt at racial reconciliation was blown up in 1802 by Boney and his friends.
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@Afrofem
“I wonder what ingenious things Africans could have invented and shared with the world if not for the greed and rapaciousness of other people?”
—probably the same things we have now—except it would have been Africans rather than Europeans?….
The Kingdom of Axum is an interesting example—it was trading with India and I think, China, it also conquered territories and enslaved people—-It was a typical pre-modern empire….
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Aksum
and
https://blogs.loc.gov/law/2012/01/ethiopian-emperors-and-slavery/
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Sometimes we think a “problem” has disappeared when only the label has changed….?… Today, the exploitation of people is called human trafficking
https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/human-trafficking/what-is-human-trafficking.html
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@ anon
“…probably the same things we have now—except it would have been Africans rather than Europeans?”
Maybe and maybe not.
You make a good point about Africans enslaving and conquering territories. That human behavior occurred throughout the Americas, Eurasia and Africa. The map below shows some of the empires of Africa. Those empires were built using violence, the chief tool of all empires.
My central point is not that Africans are angels. My point is that we will never know how Africans would have developed their societies free of the massive theft of their people. That protracted theft of human capital and the loss of their creativity, invention and innovation stunted development on the Continent.
That theft of humans affected past African societies in much the same way the wholesale plunder of resources affect modern Africa. It served the interests of enslavers in Arab lands, Europe, Asia and the Americas, while impoverishing Africans and the African Diaspora.
For example, last year the iconic American whisky producer, Jack Daniels, revealed that the closely guarded recipe for their whisky was created and refined by an enslaved man named Nearis Green and his sons. According to the UK Daily Mail:
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3661296/Was-Jack-Daniels-created-slaves-Whisky-maker-reveals-secret-history-150th-anniversary.html/
African know how has enriched generations of Europeans, Arabs, Asians and Americans. Yet, Africans and the African Diaspora are held in utter contempt throughout the world and derided as lazy and intellectually deficient.
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@ Mary Burrell
“…to most (white) men in their day, Negroes were something less than human; leg irons and handcuffs were their natural habitat.”
Not much has changed. These days it is called the Prison-Industrial Complex.
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@Afrofem: Exactly
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http://herneith.d.pr/oj9uls
http://herneith.d.pr/SZewWR
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@ Herneith
Thanks for the link. They are still chomping on that cake to this day:
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Just read an article/editorial in the Intercept, “How to Love This Freaky Country” by Jon Schwarz. While I think the article is a little too “rose-colored glasses” in it’s view of America, Schwarz did make an interesting observation about the US branch of the African Diaspora:
https://theintercept.com/2017/07/04/how-to-love-this-freaky-country/
Something to ponder on this contentious, anxiety-laden 4th of July, 2017 in the US of A.
Happy 4th, Everyone!
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Afrofem, you read too much. Go outside and burn something. Hahaha.
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@ gro jo
I put the spice rub on my chicken wings last night and the beverages are in the cooler. I will definitely do some burning this afternoon.
Have a great holiday.
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@ Afrofem
unless I misread it, the linked article (intercept) is satire right?
…achievements of minorities such as African Amerians and Jewish Americans are made into “American” accomplishments and Euro-Americans (whites) are missing…?….the writer is taking a jab at the arrogance of Euro-Americans?
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@ anon
From the mouths of babes and the keyboards of satirists….
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I wholeheartedly agree with Afrofem – “We would never know how Africans would have developed their societies free of the massive theft of their people.”
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@ Michael L Cooper
Love that map!
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Your map about African diaspora is false, a sophism .
The Africain diaspora ils the most colonialist diaspora in the world history .
Africa is the continent richest in natural resources in human history.
Africa has 60% of the world’s unexploited arable land, 97% of the WORLD copper reserves, 80% of coltan, 50% of cobalt, 57% of gold, 20% of iron and copper, 23% of uranium and phosphate, 32% of manganese, 41% of vanadium, 49% of platinum, 60% of the world’s diamond reserves, 14% of those of petroleum.
Even the pluviometry and the water tables there are even more important than everywhere else.
When a 500 x 500 kilometer strip of land suffers from famine or an epidemic, we are led to believe that the 54 countries of Africa, the largest continent in the world, are starving.
Each time it’s false, very localized in time and space.
Nobody plunders Africa, on the contrary, the West is racked up by Africa.
African countries receive the equivalent of 40% of public expenditure from all African countries in the form of development aid from the West.
(which represents on average 30% of the GDP of these countries)
Africa doubles its demography every thirty years, the African birth rate plunders Africa without anyone having to “pillage” them!
You have a family or an undertaking, you are able to understand that at equal pay if the charges (bopuches to feed) double every three years, the shares for each will be smaller.
Before 1980, China had a GDP lower than the average GDP of the ten best countries in Africa.
Meanwhile the affrique has doubled its demography (thus its charges) twice:
Nobody plundered Africa, Africans were already incapable of farbiquating or developing anything by being 700 million, they will be no more by being 1.2 billion!
Give an island to an Asian it will make you Japan, give an island to a European it will make you England, give an island to a European it will make you Haiti.
Some maps to illustrate realities (all data are verifiable)
https://www.casimages.com/a/RrBdm
We are in the 21st century, lies and manipulations are out of date.
All official, international or local data is collected in two clicks, it’s the end of the joke and the blackmail, we have had more than 20 years to collect data from the last 60 years.
Blackmail and lies crumble on the wall of reality facts.
The whole planet is being looted by Africa, no one is plundering Africa otherwise they would not be at the head of the largest reserves of natural resources in the world.
Africa and Africans is Scrooge McDuck.
The richest and least densely populated continent of the planet lives in others and at the expense of others.
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Youre either a Russian or Chinese troll; both countries are currently ‘plundering’ Africa. Go fornication with your self.
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@ Liberty
“The whole planet is being looted by Africa, no one is plundering Africa otherwise they would not be at the head of the largest reserves of natural resources in the world.”
My research leads me to a completely different conclusion. From what I’ve read, countries in Africa are plundered precisely because they contain “the largest reserves of natural resources in the world.” Not the other way around.
Liberty, clarify your allegations. How exactly is Africa (an entire continent) looting the countries of Germany, Brazil, Korea and the USA, for example? What specific resources do African countries extract from those countries located in Europe, Latin America, Asia and North America?
The example you cited: ” the equivalent of 40% of public expenditure from all African countries in the form of development aid from the West” is weak because so-called “development aid” is nothing more than bribery of local African officials coupled with an Overseas White Jobs Program ( or in the case of the Chinese, an Overseas Construction Jobs Program).
It would be useful if you are able to list real natural resources that you believe African countries plunder from other continents.
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The troll’s map is misleading too because a country is shaded based on how many “Africans” live there without accounting for the total population. So a large populous ( > 300 million) white-majority country like the USA is shaded the same color as Angola (29 million) just because both have more than 10 million black people.
The troll also seems to miss the fact that Africa was colonized in order to expropriate its rich resources (including its people). This is a process which has been ongoing since Ancient Egypt (we all know how much the ancient Greeks “owe” to the African civilization). It then continued through the period of the “scramble for Africa” when there were Portuguese, Spanish, English, German, French, Belgian and Dutch colonies and even after independence under IMF debt peonage.
I bet the troll didn’t know that after US bombed Japan it spent $$$$ rebuilding the country but after Haiti’s successful revolution there was a Franco-American siege (and threatened invasion) that resulted in Haiti PAYING $$$$$ to France for its freedom. I’d say the troll is comparing apples to oranges but it must be forgiven since it probably lacks the intellect to recognize the differences.
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@ Herneith
Liberty is definitely a North American troll. The tell is a reference to Haiti. North Americans detest the very idea of Haiti: free Black people running their own country, etc.
They keep trying various torture methods on the people of Haiti. They are dismayed that the Haitian people keep springing back from the torture uncowed and ready to fight them again.
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@ Afrofem
The grammar and spelling mistakes look like a Francophone to me, but that’s just a guess. And I suppose they could be from Quebec. But wouldn’t France also have reason to resent Haiti, their former colony, where they got their white behinds kicked?
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It could be a North American. My money is on the Chinese who ate being heavily criticized over their dealings in Africa. Haiti may have been thrown in to obfuscate the source. In any case, this clown is a troll.
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@ Solitaire @ Herneith
Great points. North American yes. Francophone (as in a racist Quebecois) most likely. For me, that silly comment about, “…the West is racked up by Africa” was a major breadcrumb to Lib’s crazy house in the US or Canada. LOL!
A sloppy driveby troll, most definitely.
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@Solitaire, Afrofem, Herneith
I’m here chuckling at the detective work.
After Solitaire put forward the Francophone theory I can see it. The phrase “bopuches to feed” is likely a typo for “bouches to feed” where “bouche” is French for mouth. Combine that with the random mention of Haiti and I’m liking Afrofem’s “racist Quebecois” theory.
Somebody needs to collect their Canadian, lol.
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I decided to click on the second link in the troll’s post, this one here: https://www.casimages.com/a/RrBdm
Whole webpage (a photo-hosting site) is in French.
Still doesn’t rule out a Chinese or Russian individual who happens to know French better than English — or maybe even a Chinese immigrant to Quebec.
Of course, the French themselves continue to extort money and resources from their former colonies in Africa, so there’s that possibility as well.
Sigh, chances are we will never know. These drive-by trolls leave so many questions unanswered!
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“These drive-by trolls leave so many questions unanswered!”
If this statement is true, what’s ‘moderation’ hell about? Fact is, all ‘trolls’ get Abagond’s approval to do their thing, if they didn’t you wouldn’t even see their work, so they aren’t drive-by but invited guests.
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@ Gro Jo
I don’t consider the term to be juxtaposed with invited guests but rather with the behavior of other types of trolls. Drive-by trolls leave one comment and never show up again. Other types engage in discussion for awhile or even settle in for the long haul. Then there are the gadfly trolls like bigbig40boy who swing by periodically to pester and annoy.
We all get accidentally caught in moderation hell now and then. It just comes with the territory.
From what I understand about Abagond’s moderation set-up, new trolls avoid moderation when they don’t trip any of his hidden wires. To the best of my knowledge, the only way Abagond could entirely ensure that we “wouldn’t even see their work” is to require all comments by everyone to go straight to moderation until he reviews them.
Please note this doesn’t mean I’m entirely in agreement with his policies. I would ban obvious trolls way faster than he does, for one thing. But his blog, his rules. shrugs
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“…give an island to a European it will make you Haiti.” True. Haiti is the creation of Europeans. Had Napoleon not insisted on trying to rob the free people of Saint-Domingue of the liberty they acquired by fighting for France against Britain and Spain from 1794 to 1798, Saint-Domingue might have become a commonwealth of France as Toussaint L’Ouverture proposed in his 1801 constitution. His moderate proposal was answered by an invasion of 24 ships, over 45 thousand troops and a year of genocidal fighting to restore the old order, resulting in the destruction of the French army.
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@ Solitaire
“…the only way Abagond could entirely ensure that we “wouldn’t even see their work” is to require all comments by everyone to go straight to moderation until he reviews them.”
I’ve encountered blogs where everyone goes straight to moderation until the blogger reviews the comment. I have a few choice words for that practice:
boring, stultifying, self-pleasuring echo chambers.
At first glance, the practice seems sound. After all when there is no moderation, certain individuals observe no limits, boundaries or human decency. The comments section devolves into another version of boring, stultifying, self-pleasuring echo chambers awash in insults and threats of violence.
I appreciate the fact that Abagond tries to strike a balance between both extremes. It means trolls get to cavort for a while and drive the regular patrons nuts. However, some of the people who dropped in imparted valuable lessons. I have learned a lot from the regulars, the people who glide in, the lurkers who surface occasionally and the trolls.
Sometimes the trolls show you novel attack vectors. Junk they’ve read on far-Right sites they just can’t resist dumping here. In their own lazy, insane way, they help me understand the pretzel logic of those who see the world very differently. Some people have the stomach to go to rightwing sites and tussle with those commentators there. I don’t.
Also a lot of those sites have comments go straight to moderation until the blogger reviews the comment. A lot of the time, comments that disagree with the blogger and his/her community don’t see the light of day. Or the blogger will pull an “Oprah”; reword the comment, interpret the comment according to their rewording and attack the commenter. Patronizing and cowardly.
On a lot of sites, comments are less about ideas and more about personalities and worldview.
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@ gro jo
Didn’t the British navy also make an invasion attempt later only to be routed by the people of Haiti?
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Afrofem
The British invaded St-Domingue in 1794. In 1798 general Maitland and T. L’Ouverture signed an agreement that allowed the British to trade with the colony after they withdrew their troops. I’ve read that they lost at least 60,000 troops in that adventure.
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@ Afrofem
“I appreciate the fact that Abagond tries to strike a balance between both extremes.”
Same here. I agree with everything you wrote about blogs/forums on either end of the extreme; I’ve also encountered both of those types.
“Or the blogger will pull an “Oprah”; reword the comment, interpret the comment according to their rewording and attack the commenter. Patronizing and cowardly.”
Ugh, that happened to me once years ago. I didn’t realize it was a thing, just thought it was the specific blogger. It really sucks because you have no way to prove the blogger changed your wording, and anyway if you try to post a comment saying that they did, they just delete it in mod. They can misrepresent you to the entire community on the board at their whim.
“Sometimes the trolls show you novel attack vectors.”
Yes, and I think a lot of times on Abagond’s blog, the trolls are met by novel defenses, or at least not the reaction they expected. I noticed even back when I was lurking that the regulars here often have a response to trolling unlike what I’ve seen elsewhere.
I don’t know quite how to describe it. Kind of emotionally cool and detached, but with some interest in logically debating the topic. There’s a feeling of “Oh, look, a little troll; anyone want to knock it back and forth awhile like cats batting a toy?”
In the long run, I’ve found this a very effective approach and have even tried to introduce it at some other forums where I hang out, but with little success.
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@Liberty
Do you take people for fools. What manner of reverse psychology are you imposing you POS…
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Solitaire said:
This is correct. Apart from banned commenters, the only one whose comments are automatically moderated are those of bigbig40boy. He would flood the comment section if I let him.
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@ Abagond
“…the only one whose comments are automatically moderated are those of bigbig40boy.”
Thank goodness for LARGE favors!
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Very educational. I am learning about the mother of all continents and human beings.
When all get educated, they protect her. She is the gene pool of all humanity.
Let us keep on educating. Ignorance is the mother of darkness and evil.
Thank you for educating ud
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Very educating
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OUR HAMITE KEMET CULTURE ,WILL AWAYS BE IN YAH,[PSA.68.4], TRUTH-JOHN 1.17. GEN. 10.1-15. LEARN YAD TRUTH AN YOU WILL KNOW YOUR
TRUE HISTORY.
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If it wasn’t for slavery, you would still be living in huts.
If it were up to me y’all would be still working in the field picking cotton to this day or hanged from trees.
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This blog and page actually came up when I googled “maps of african dispora”
And
Afrofem & gro jo
are our resident instructors.
Its Interesting how much actual detailed historical information you can get from
a guy posting a article about the african dispora
and a few peoples back and forth comments.
I doubt you could ever get the breath and scope of this discussion ,including side discussions
from any textbook or college course
nor would a film or video be able to capture the dynamic interactiveness of the this platform.
and you get a copy for archival purposes if you want.
I plan to produce videos based on a lot of this information
animations and eventually live actors.
No excuse that the information is not available
although agreement as to presentation will most probably not be universal.
Trolls – racist or other wise antagonistic commenters that are
in this case racist that can some what be easily ignored
but will still become part of our permeant historical record.
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Slavery was a colossal mistake on the part of the nations who colonized the New World, since it left the countries of the Americas with a huge demographic problem.
I know many people here think I’m a crazy racist, but I would have advocated not enslaving the blacks had I lived back then. I want my volk to prosper and thrive, I have no issue with other ethnic groups as long as they leave us alone. For example, the Japanese. They don’t migrate en masse to Western countries, and they have a high level of civilization themselves. I like them.
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@ Paul Kruger
Are you not aware of the reason why those former colonists, particularly in the Americas, resorted to slaves?
People like you want so badly to ignore the function of slaves in those times because you want to pretend that your ‘volk’ did everything in those places alone, without help. But I’m afraid, I must awake you to the reality, and the reality is: Black slaves were a essential part of the construction of the material foundation of the new nations in the new world, be it in Brazil, the USA, Colombia, etc. Some call that material foundation “starting capital”, but includes also infrastructural aspects like clearing the spaces for new human settlements, etc.
You say that you would not approve the use of slaves, but I read something else in your attitude: You would like to use/abuse human beings and when the need for their use has been exhausted, you want to kick them out of your horizon, like animals or inanimate objects. Extraordinarily “civilized” don’t you think?
By the way, being you so knowledgeable of South African history, tell the people here what was the real reason that drove the former colonists in the Cape area to “trek” up north, once those colonies became ruled by the British? Was not because the British interfered with the way those colonists were treating the Khoisan? Like slaves…? So they wanted to be “free” of that interference and go find other natives, in other places, to use as slaves? Very curious parts of human history in this part of the world. Not much different with the “rebellion” of the Southern Whites in the USA who wanted to be “free” to continue exploiting their slaves after the abolition of slavery. And now some of their descendants want to forget why the descendants of the slaves are there, in the first place. They play with words and pretend to ignore the facts. They call it a “demographic problem”. Indeed, very “civilized” people!
For more details see the excellent Wikipedia article, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Trek
P.S.:
The area of the actual Republic of South Africa was essentially an agricultural economy until the last quarter of the XIXth century when large deposits of gold, diamonds, coal and other minerals were discovered. That discovery occurred outside the Cape area where the first Europeans settled. The exploitation of those minerals changed the economy of the country overall, which begin to industrialize and distinguish itself from other European colonies in the rest of Africa.
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ERRATA:
In my last comment where is “which begin to industrialize” should be in the past “which began to industrialize”
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@munubantu. It is a vicious lie that slavery was the reason for the Great Trek. The Brits were not respecting the Afrikaners. They were imposing English on them and treated Afrikaners as inferior to Brits.
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If blacks don’t treat the European diaspora in Africa well (look up Farm Murders South Africa), I see no reason why Whites should treat the African diaspora in the West well.
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