A work in progress:
Last week Republican Congressman Steve King of Iowa rhetorically asked MSNBC:
“This whole ‘white people’ business, though, does get a little tired, Charlie. I mean, I’d ask you to go back through history and figure out where are these contributions that have been made by these other categories of people that you’re talking about. Where did any other subgroup of people contribute more to civilization?”
That was on July 18th 2016, not 1916.
A few contributions made those Other Categories of People (those not of known pure European blood), here listed by continent and their diasporas:
- Africa: at least 12 million slaves, the White House, human universals (clothing, fire, music, dance, art, language, jokes, morals, hairstyles, etc), paint, hammer, plough, irrigation, dam, calendar, taxes, geometry, plaster, toothpaste, make-up, shirt, bowling, rivet, wire, plywood, bed, table, chair, glass, writing, pen, paper, ink, books, rings, mechanical lock, fired bricks, saw, ramp, lever, scissors, sundial, steel, rudder, alphabetical order, metal springs, Euclidean geometry, punctuation, Arabic numerals, algebra, postal service, cotton, orange, lemon, peach, watermelon, apricot, fig, sugar cane, dates, ginger, pomegranate, saffron, rice, vinegar, mustard, cinnamon, meatballs, chess, coffee, velvet, guitar, banjo, bananas, potato chip, cheaper shoes, usable (carbon-filament) light bulbs, blood bank, gas mask, jazz, blues, rock and roll, hip hop, Kentucky Fried Chicken, but not peanut butter.
- Asia: at least 40 million coolies, Transcontinental Railroad, Asian brain drain, civilization itself, bricks, towns, cities, streets, the Bible, Christianity, churches, cats, clocks (mechanical), alphabet, pots, zero, metal, iron, bronze, farming, wheat, bread, barley, pigs, donkeys, cows, sheep, wool, goats, milk, cheese, butter, chickens, fish hooks, cherries, wine, tea, kettle, pepper, printing, movable type, gunpowder, compass, rowboat, wheelbarrow, cart, bell, helmet, soap, arched bridge, canal, canal lock, welding, bellows, flush toilet, world map, library, hour, minute, second, week, coins, tunnel, sword, kite, pulley, winch, crossbow, distilled alcohol, blast furnace, stirrup, saddle, mouldboard plough, glass blowing, playing cards, dominoes, dice, horse collar, spinning wheel, pinwheel, rocket, lens, weaving machines, cannon, fireworks, crankshaft, land mine, bomb, gun (musket), silk, porcelain, nail polish, umbrella, bamboo, noodles, rice cooker, soybeans, acupuncture, tofu, stir frying, General Tso’s chicken, ketchup, coconuts, shampoo, pyjamas, electronic cigarette, haiku (but not sudoku), karaoke, martial arts, anime, restaurant menus, civil service exams, pinky promises, sushi, emojis, Yahoo, two-thirds of YouTube, Nintendo, swastika.
- Americas: North America, South America, its gold, silver, copper, coal and oil, tens of millions of forced labourers, maize, squash, beans, cassava, tomato, potato, sweet potato, US ideas of constitutional government, log cabin, maple syrup, canoe, rubber, rubber ball, barbecues, tobacco, cigar, hammock, most likely syphilis, pumpkin, avocado, pineapple, chili, chocolate, vanilla, cashew, peanut, peanut butter, chewing gum, popcorn, allspice, cranberry, strawberry, pecan, guava, papaya, zucchini, unbreakable secret codes during the Second World War, turkey, jerky, hockey, lacrosse, parka, quinine, tortilla.
- Australia/Pacific: Australia, New Zealand, tattoo, surfboard, booomerang.
And that is just according to Eurocentric sources!
Note that some contributions are listed by the earliest known case, some by where White people got them from, depending how my sources framed it.
– Abagond, 2016.
Sources: “1001 Inventions That Changed the World” (2009) by Jack Challoner; “Mirrors” (2009) by Eduardo Galeano; “Guns, Germs and Steel” (2005) by Jared Diamond; “The Human Web: A Bird’s-Eye View of World History” (2003) by J.R. McNeill and William H. McNeill; Vox (2016); Wikipedia (2016); Etymology Online (2016); How Stuff Works; Ancient Egypt Online; “The Ancient Engineers” (1963) by L. Sprague de Camp.
See also:
- Decoded: A World Without Black History
- The last 6,000 years
- technocentric history
- How White America got rich
- MSNBC
591
Lovely list. I would like to personally take this time to thank Asia for cats!
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so many contributions!
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Thanks to Africa and Asia for everything that makes books and other reading material possible, thus enabling me to feed my addiction to the written word.
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Reblogged this on The Most Revolutionary Act and commented:
*
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How pink people expropriated the cultural resources of other peoples.
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Wow! That’s totally amazing.
Mmm KFC!
U left out trousers and paper money (from China)
And a special thanx to the Americas for syphilis – What would we do without u lol!
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He was right about one thing, though, however unwittingly: this whole “white people” business IS tiring.
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White folks always Columbusing.
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Mary:
That’s it. I’m using that little Buffy-ism!
Columbusing, is exactly the term.
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@Ikeke35: Go ahead Sis😎
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Some of the Sardinians, Sicilians and other Mediterraneans are really closely related to East Africans if you can read and tell from genetics. Because that is where the ‘meatball’ truly came from. http://www.aducksoven.com/2015/01/ethiopian-meatballs-couscous.html
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Thanks to the Potawatomi and other Native Nations for Chicago. 🙂
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@Mary Burrell
“White folks always Columbusing.”
LOL! You have a knack for getting to the heart of the matter.
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Arabic numerals. Chess, cotton, sugarcane and ginger are from India. Algebra was from Persia. And guitar I think was from Central Asia.
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I read somewhere the 16th Century Spanish supposedly introduced indoor plumbing to the New World. However, there was already indoor plumbing that existed in the Americas for hundreds of years prior to the Spanish arrival. Imagine that. The Europeans during that time had poor hygiene. I can imagine the stink. Leave it up to White people to take credit for everything.
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I assume Mr. King is “Christian”? Somebody tell him…. Jesus wasn’t “white” . Perversely, white people used “Christianity” as a cover for running all over the planet, stealing people’s land, resources, inventions, technologies, art, style, music, philosophy, scientific knowledge, and CHILDREN while simultaneously destroying ancient texts, monuments, sacred objects, and burial grounds, and outlawing oral traditions, religious practices, laguages, the right to self rule, and the right to equality under the law. Mr. King is an ignorant, arrogant, know-nothing fool who was born on third base and thinks he hit a home run.
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It was the invention of the gun ( gun powder and early versions of guns appropriated from China) that allowed white people to go all over the planet taking things that belonged to other people. It’s just one big, 5-century stick-up. When someone puts a gun in your face, you hand over what you’ve got. Plus, with, not God, but rather disease on their side, white people literally made people Sick! More people died in the Americas from diseases that white people gave them than from any brilliant military strategy . White people were able to delude themselves that they were better than others because they we’re big ,fat , germy bastards with guns. As other commenters have mentioned, other parts of the world were far more advanced earlier on. This has only been forgotten because white people are having their turn at power. Let’s hope that when the next group has their turn, they will lead the world in a more civilized way. God help us otherwise….
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” Let’s hope that when the next group has their turn, they will lead the world in a more civilized way. God help us otherwise….”
AMEN !!!!!!!
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It seems to be never considered as inventive or innovative unless it’s presented as something created by white people, even if it wasn’t. SMH…
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Hats off to the white man who invented toilet paper, though!
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The economic term “Leisure Time” is responsible for most, if not all, leaps forward among humans gathered in large numbers. This is what gave individuals within any civilization the time to reflect and create beyond sticks and stones and fire.
The specific inventions of such civilizations large enough to form governments, cooperate (prosper) and move beyond the basic necessities (food, clothing and shelter) to sustain life through reproductive cycles are related to their specific climate and (micro/macro) predators.
How individual civilizations around the globe prospered initially was a direct result of how their leadership prioritized invention, through the allocation of “leisure time” for those specialists (craftsmen, artists, etc) identified as being extraordinary.
Think: Imhotep, Mozart, Einstein, etc
With all the above being noted and understood, one of the more noteworthy examples of prosperity, derived through a leisure time invention, are the state (government) sponsored religions.
Listing specific inventions is a waste of time and certainly divisive when one considers the term “humanity” as being the over all definition of our collective existence as a species. Those who seek to divide us into individual pockets of superiority do so in vain when a thinking person contemplates our dominance of this planet as a species.
The whole “:who invented what” conversation is only valid among those seeking to determine which “race” (an invented pseudo-scientific political definition) has contributed more to our collective advancement as a species.
Clearly, that question has been, and will continue to be, answered by our greatest enemy as well as the ultimate adjudicator….TIME.
To wit: The interaction and sharing of ideas and inventions by our collective humanity lead to the most forward progress of our species.
That FACT is clearly the indisputable when weighed against the claims of primacy by any individual culture, geographic region or……race.
And, most importantly, any civilization that seeks to limit exposure to and contributions from other cultures (xenophobia, racism) and bask in the self-declared primacy of its culture (white superiority) to the exclusion of other cultures is seeking a quick demise of its own culture.
European (Western) Culture (Greece, Rome, Colonial Europe, America) is still in its infancy when compared to previous successful dominant cultures. How long Western Culture will last is a fairly simple equation when its potential for longevity is compared to its predecessors.
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@abagond
How do you attribute the alphabet to Asia? I thought, and I could be wrong, that the oldest alphabet was the Proto-Sinaitic script, the oldest example of which was found in Africa, not Asia.
Also writing? I mean it’s highly debatable which came first, the Medu Netr or Cuneiform, but it’s silly to think that writing can start with something as complex as either of those writing systems. Clearly there were precursors, proto-writing for lack of a better term, the oldest of which are in Africa.
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“When someone puts a gun in your face, you hand over what you’ve got. Plus, with, not God, but rather disease on their side, white people literally made people Sick! More people died in the Americas from diseases that white people gave them than from any brilliant military strategy . White people were able to delude themselves that they were better than others because they we’re big ,fat , germy bastards with guns.”
I wonder how many have died from Syphilis?
Linda talks about unsuccessful attempts to reach the Americas.
Had blacks made it, i wonder how many of those inhabitants would’ve ended up as slaves in the Black New World?
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I want laugh but I know will not do the effect of an real argument.
FIRST: There’s not stealing/taking from the other cultures. Humans of any kind LEARN about techniques and will use inventions of their own and from other cultures.
SECOND: You done an tempest in an cup of water. Although some inventions are used to do evilness (ex:gunpowder), goodness has also it’s share.
THIRD: STOP DISCRIMINATING WHITE PEOPLE FOR THEIR DOINGS OF THEIR ANCESTORS?!
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@rockfellar
First: You can steal/take from any culture if you take an invention and claim it as yours. If you write a research paper and refuse to give credit then you are plagiarizing. Same concept.
Second: DUH
Third; White people are still doing much of what their ancestors did today.
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@spectator1
You mean the syphilis that whites injected them with?
Considering black bodies were found in the Americas prior to Columbus, the attempt was not unsuccessful.
Likely few.
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@sharinalr
I know, the world can’t stop talking about it.
It’s been on the cover of every magazine in the world.
History has been rewritten !
How many DNA tests is it up to now… 500+?
I forgot, what did msm name the two people?
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@spectator1
That is funny considering this information I speak of has been carefully hidden.
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Plus history is not being rewritten. The real history is being exposed.
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Tty
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Are you idiots finished bashing white civilization?
Are you sure?
Good.
White people gave more to the world than they could ever take back in return.
White men gave the world:
The Renaissance
The scientific revolution
The industrial revolution
Democracy
Capitalism
Mass production
Read Niel Ferguson’s “The West And The Rest”.
You will learn how from the year 1500 and beyond, the smallest, coldest, least populated continent modernized the planet, and at the same time put a man on the moon.
Almost every single modern technological invention that you touch, came out of the brains of white men.
Why does this offend you?
A brief list of white inventions:
DISCOVERY AND HARNESSING OF ELECTRICITY
ROCKETRY
SPACE SHUTTLES
SPACE SATELLITES
GPS
MACH SPEED AIRCRAFT
JUMBO JETS
HELICOPTER
(CELL) TELEPHONE
MOTION PICTURE
RADIO
DIAGNOSTIC MEDICAL EQUIPMENT
GERM THEORY
MICROSCOPE
TELESCOPE
PHARMACEUTICALS
SUPERCOMPUTER
INTERNET
BICYCLE
HOT AIR BALLOON
Shall I continue?
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@sharinalr
1: Duh! Majority of whites DO NOT claim iventions of other people as their own.
2: The Truth hurts!
3: Again, whites of today cannot be blamed for the whites of yesterday. #whiteguiltynomore!
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@ rockfellar
“Again, whites of today cannot be blamed for the whites of yesterday.”
No, but you can be held responsible and accountable for what you yourself do today. Why does a list of the contributions of non-white people make you so butthurt? Why do you equate such a list with discrimination against white people? What’s wrong with taking a moment to acknowledge and be grateful for those advances in civilization made by the peoples of Africa, Asia, and the Americas?
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@ The Truth
“White people gave more to the world than they could ever take back in return.”
White people eradicated entire cultures in the quest for world domination. How do any of the advances of white people make up for genocide?
Once you’ve wiped another group off the face of the earth, nothing you can give will balance the scales.
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“Have I ever mentioned how Brits are the f-cking worst?”
There is a few people out there that hate a people known as Brits.
Did whites take hatred from others? sarc.
I’d have to say whites took teepees/surfboards/boomerangs/canoes/kayaks/bison/Dodos/,
shucks gotta babysit, will come up with many others later-
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rockfellar
1. Sorry to break it to you, but the majority of whites are constantly claiming the inventions of non-whites. Almost all that was mentioned above whites sadly believe is theirs.
2. What truth? The fact that you attempted to argue something that was not argued in the post. What fallacy is that called again?
3. Since you seem slow to grasp, no one is blaming whites for the past. Whites are being blamed for what they do TODAY. Which is exactly what their ancestors did in the past. Nothing has changed but the time.
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@The Truth
Proper research might show that white people didn’t even give the world that.
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@The Truth
Let’s go down that list of “White” inventions again with an eye toward real world applications and consequences:
DISCOVERY AND HARNESSING OF ELECTRICITY : electric chairs, electric shock torture methods and electromagnetic pollution
ROCKETRY : Intercontinental ballistic missiles, sidewinder missiles and drones
SPACE SHUTTLES : waste of taxpayer millions
SPACE SATELLITES : spy satellites and space junk
GPS : decreased privacy, tracking devices
MACH SPEED AIRCRAFT : sonic boom noise pollution
JUMBO JETS : pollution, noise and displacement
HELICOPTER : pollution, noise and a handy way to attack people on the ground
(CELL) TELEPHONE : tracking device and noise pollution on planes, trains and buses in the hands of people who can’t shut up
MOTION PICTURE : propaganda
RADIO : a vast audio wasteland of corporate noise
DIAGNOSTIC MEDICAL EQUIPMENT : overpriced money funnels for hospitals
GERM THEORY : a theoretical basis for germ warfare
MICROSCOPE : a tool for germ warfare
TELESCOPE : invented by the Arabs
PHARMACEUTICALS : mostly based on traditional herbs used by indigenous people the world over
SUPERCOMPUTER : a tool for mass spying
INTERNET : surveillance tool and new playground for criminals and pedophiles
BICYCLE : bloody nuisances on city streets and sidewalks
HOT AIR BALLOON : Trump?
Shall I continue?
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@Afrofem and Solitaire
You two are on fire.
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Every race/ethnicity contributes to European development. Christianity shapes Europe’s identity and it comes from the middle east. Guns became the major factor for world colonization by Europeans and it was invited by the Asians (gun powder) and Arabs (the gun). African slavery gave rise to the industrialize revolution in Europe because of free labor. Muslim texts (from the Moors) in Spain and Portugal gave rise to Mathematics, science and technology in Europe. The Renaissance period of Europe was more about revisiting the ancient Greek text combined with Muslim text to shape their own growth. Before the renaissance Europe was pretty much a shithole in comparison to China, India, Ethiopia, and many Arab states even Western Africa was shaping its own identity and growth through empires such as Songhai, Mali, Benin with the help of Arab influence. So the Arabs and Chinese gave the world development.
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…Before the renaissance Europe was pretty much a shithole in contrast to China, India, Ethiopia, and many Arab states even Western Africa was shaping its own identity and growth through empires such as Songhai, Mali, Benin with the help of Arab influence. So the Arabs and Chinese gave the world development. What I mean is in contrast to…
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@browncurtain8
You made some good points.
From my point of view, every culture contributes to global human development.
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“Before the renaissance Europe was pretty much a shithole in comparison to China, India, Ethiopia, and many Arab states even Western Africa was shaping its own identity and growth through empires such as Songhai, Mali, Benin with the help of Arab influence.”
I see that your contribution to the world is the RUN-ON sentence!
.
“What I mean is in contrast to…”
.
Are you sure ..??
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@ resw
Whether writing was first invented in Mesopotamia or Egypt is debatable, I agree.
The alphabet was invented in Egypt, but it was done so by Canaanites. They spoke a Semitic language. We can tell by how they picked letters. That means they almost certainly came from West Asia and were in Egypt as soldiers and immigrant labour.
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@ The Truth
Where did I bash White civilization? Or is the White ego so overblown and fragile that anything but gushing admiration is seen as bashing?
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“TELESCOPE : invented by the Arabs”
Nice try
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Shall I continue?
Sure, knock yourself out. You keep forgetting to add toilet paper and haemorrhoid cream to the list!
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The Truth hurts!
No, it doesn’t. Gas pains and haemorrhoids do!
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Why does a list of the contributions of non-white people make you so butthurt?
Maybe his haemorrhoids have flared up? Perhaps he should use the white invention Preparation H.
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People from all over flocked to Ireland’s monasteries for education.
No, they didn’t. They came for the alcohol.
Have I ever mentioned how Brits are the f-cking worst?
No you haven’t. If it wasn’t for their invention of fish and chips, I would agree with you totally.
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Where did I bash White civilization? Or is the White ego so overblown and fragile that anything but gushing admiration is seen as bashing?
You should have written: Dear, I’m sorry to have hurt your feelings. Please forgive me! White folks, forgive me. Offer him a couple of mea -culpas to show you are serious. You could have punctuated it with a little dance or back- handed compliment.
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Over blown egos and white fragility is running amok. Whiteness is a hell of a drug for sure.
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I’ll take the fish and chips (gravy on the fries) over those fools!
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http://atlantablackstar.com/2014/02/11/5-inventions-by-enslaved-black-men-blocked-by-us-patent-office/
And we know there’s MANY more,,,
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http://atlantablackstar.com/2014/06/27/6-ancient-african-architectural-marvels-built-before-greece-or-rome-existed/
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@abagond
“Whether writing was first invented in Mesopotamia or Egypt is debatable, I agree. ”
So why does Asia only get the credit?
“The alphabet was invented in Egypt, but it was done so by Canaanites. They spoke a Semitic language. We can tell by how they picked letters. That means they almost certainly came from West Asia and were in Egypt as soldiers and immigrant labour.”
That’s really just speculation. Proto-Sinaitic was originally found on the Sinai peninsula and it was assumed that it was invented by Canaanites. But that theory was disproved with the 1999 discovery of the much older artefact at Wadi el Hol near the capital of Egypt, and there’s no known link to Canaanites.
@Lord of Mirkwood
“…when in fact it was Irish monks who kept Europe literate throughout the Middle Ages”
I’m pretty sure Islamic and Judaic scholars can also take credit for keeping Europe literate throughout the Middle Ages.
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@Resw
“That’s really just speculation. Proto-Sinaitic was originally found on the Sinai peninsula and it was assumed that it was invented by Canaanites. But that theory was disproved with the 1999 discovery of the much older artefact at Wadi el Hol near the capital of Egypt, and there’s no known link to Canaanites.”
Why do you think the discovery at Wadi El Hol omits Canaanites?
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@ resw
I changed writing from Asia to Africa. From what I know, Mesopotamia had writing before Egypt, but the sort of writing White people use has its roots in hieroglyphics by way of the alphabet, not in cuneiform.
As to Wadi el Hol, that is just what I have in mind as the beginning of the alphabet:
It was in Egypt, but my understanding is that it was written by Canaanite soldiers.
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@ Lord of Mirkwood
Good catch. Thanks! Rockfellar is indeed a sock puppet, not of the Truth but of the banned Mr Satan aka Abbas aka Rebeca from Brazil aka João Adécio aka Andros flamestrike aka abbasilvernight300 aka abbasilvernight.
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@ MinnMom
Maybe so, but White people got them from the Moors.
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^^^You’re right. For some reason, I was under the impression that they went from India to Persia, Arabia and finally to Europe.
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@abagond
Thanks. I think you’ll have trouble finding any cuneiform older than the hieroglyphs dating from both the Gerzean culture and Nubian A Group.
“It was in Egypt, but my understanding is that it was written by Canaanite soldiers.”
That’s the theory of the guy who found it, but I haven’t come across a legitimate reason to believe that it was not locally developed. Without evidence, how can we just believe him that it was introduced by foreigners?
Let me ask, would that same standard apply if this were found in Crete? Would the archaeologist say, “this was brought here by Canaanite mercenaries serving in the Minoan army” without any evidence? No way. He’d proclaim, “Europe is the birthplace of the alphabet!” even though Crete is not on the European continent.
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“Hats off to the white man who invented toilet paper, though!”
Thank the Chinese instead: “The use of paper for hygiene purposes has been recorded in China in the 6th century AD, with specifically manufactured toilet paper being mass-produced in the 14th century. Modern commercial toilet paper originated in the 19th century, with a patent for roll-based dispensers being made in 1883.”
Toilet paper – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toilet_paperWikipedia
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ROCKETRY. You mean the rockets that the Brits reverse-engineered from the Indians?
“The Congreve rocket was a British military weapon designed and developed by Sir William Congreve in 1804, based directly on Mysorean rockets.
The Kingdom of Mysore in India used Mysorean rockets as a weapon against the British in the wars that they fought against the British East India Company. Lieutenant General Thomas Desaguliers, Colonel Commandant of the Royal Artillery in Woolwich,[1] was influenced by the reports about their effectiveness, and he undertook several unsuccessful experiments. Several Mysore rockets were sent to Woolwich for studying and reverse-engineering following the Second, Third, and Fourth Mysore wars. (Congreve’s father was now the comptroller of the Royal Arsenal.)[2] Even so, Congreve had to start his project in 1804 with his own funds. The first demonstration of his solid fuel rockets was in September 1805. The rockets were used effectively during the Napoleonic Wars, the War of 1812, and the First Anglo-Burmese War of 1824 – 1826.”
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congreve_rocket)
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PHARMACEUTICALS: “Ancient Nubians drank antibiotic-laced beer. Learn more about Ancient Nubians drinking antibiotic-laced beer in this article.”
http://www.seeker.com/ancient-nubians-drank-antibiotic-laced-beer-1766072868.html
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@gro jo
That was an interesting article about the production of tetracycline in ancient Nubian beer. I liked the science behind it.
Thanks for the link.
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@MinnMom
“Algebra was from Persia.”
What evidence of Algebra found in Persia is older than the Rhind Papyrus (1650 B.C.) found in Africa?
The Greek Diophantus, the so-called father of algebra, certainly learned about it while living in Africa.
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How about moving away from what white people do to what blacks are doing now:
(http://www.scidev.net/global/health/news/nigeria-takes-over-sickle-cell-drug.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicosan
http://allafrica.com/stories/201511030868.html
http://sicklecellsociety.org/a-new-cure-for-sickle-cell-disease/
http://timbuktuchronicles.blogspot.com/2010/12/lets-kickstart-laboratories-with.html?q=Songhai+centre)
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Thanks grojo. I always thought it was Thomas Crapper who invented toilet paper.
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You’re welcome Herneith.
Lol, according to this webpage the first use of rockets as weapons in India was by Malik Ambar, the black African genius. http://www.aqueductdsr.com/builder_of_aqueduct.php
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@resw, Reg. Algebra, I miswrote. Meant Babylonia, not Persia.
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Lol to the second power Malik Ambar constructed an aqueduct in 1612 to supply water to 700,000 people and that’s still working today.
http://www.aqueductdsr.com/technology_of_aqueduct.php
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Abagond, when and how did Whites get/take steel from Africa? I know that the Haya people made steel centuries before Whites but I don’t know about Whites “getting” or “taking” that knowledge from them.
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Two days and several requests later, still no answer to my question. Conclusion: Whites did not get/take steel from Africans. I’ll revise that view if and when proof to the contrary is provided.
“Ancient steel
Steel was known in antiquity, and possibly was produced in bloomeries and crucibles.[16][17]
The earliest known production of steel are pieces of ironware excavated from an archaeological site in Anatolia (Kaman-Kalehoyuk) and are nearly 4,000 years old, dating from 1800 BC.[18][19] Horace identifies steel weapons like the falcata in the Iberian Peninsula, while Noric steel was used by the Roman military.[20]
The reputation of Seric iron of South India (wootz steel) amongst the rest of the world grew considerably.[17] South Indian and Mediterranean sources including Alexander the Great (3rd c. BC) recount the presentation and export to the Greeks of 100 talents worth of such steel. Metal production sites in Sri Lanka employed wind furnaces driven by the monsoon winds, capable of producing high-carbon steel. Large-scale Wootz steel production in Tamilakam using crucibles and carbon sources such as the plant Avāram occurred by the sixth century BC, the pioneering precursor to modern steel production and metallurgy.[16][17]
The Chinese of the Warring States period (403–221 BC) had quench-hardened steel,[21] while Chinese of the Han dynasty (202 BC – 220 AD) created steel by melting together wrought iron with cast iron, gaining an ultimate product of a carbon-intermediate steel by the 1st century AD.[22][23] The Haya people of East Africa invented a type of furnace they used to make carbon steel at 1,802 °C (3,276 °F) nearly 2,000 years ago. East African steel has been suggested by Richard Hooker to date back to 1400 BC.[24][25]”
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steel
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The Hindu/Buddhist symbol is a big part of my cultural heritage. And the Nazi pretty much fucked it up….
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